b. issue networks involve a stable group of bureaucrats, legislators, and lobbyists, while iron triangles exclude lobbyists in an attempt to reach impartial decisions. e. the print media to influence policy makers. b. The limits of interest groups' use of extreme tactics might be gauged by the congressional Democratic backlash against the ________, which tried to block the North American Free Trade Agreement in 1993. e. lobby in Washington, D.C., most effectively through organizations representing groups of states and localities. The majority in government does not need lobbyists because they can self-advocate. The courts in most parliamentary systems also play a minor role in policy making. 2019. both initiating lawsuits and lobbying for certain judges to be appointed to the bench. e. None of the answers are correct. 6 & \text { Terrible } & 27 & 0.023 & 1150 & 1.000 \\ Some groups pursue collective goods. B. providing useful and persuasive information to key officials. A plutocracy is a government controlled exclusively by the wealthy, either directly or indirectly. 2021. e. public policy should represent the diversity that exists in society. a. are prohibited by law from lobbying the national government. b. there is no collective interest in a system where each special interest determines which policy benefits it receives. Experienced lobbyists can help lawmakers analyze the merits of an idea before it makes its way into the process and can sometimes forecast the success or failure of a bill based on legislation or circumstances that have come before it. Lobbying is an important lever for a productive government. d. a policy system. Some groups have natural political enemies (e.g., environmentalists versus developers and corporations versus labour unions). pluralist theory. b. the free-rider problem. c. issue networks are generally less stable than iron triangles, such that the members of an issue network may change as the issue develops. b. Often, this influence is exercised by a lobbyist or a lobbying firm. Flashcards and Answers - Government Exam 2 | StudyHippo.com resulting in greater divisions of power that allow special-interest groups more points of access and outsized influence in the policy process. Since vacation travel is a discretionary expense, consumers want to make the most out of the money they have budgeted. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. targeted the executive branch in their efforts to influence policy decisions. can be unlimited but not coordinated with election campaigns. B. limits PACs by reducing the amount of money they can raise through contributions by small donors. d. agriculture. c. policies which favor a series of minorities are inherently more fair than policies which ignore small groups in favor of a majority. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings. A. size factor. ", National Conference of State Legislatures. 4.9 (17 reviews) Economist Mancur Olson concluded that groups a. exercise too much power in the American system. They meet with lawmakers to attempt to persuade them and often take lawmakers out to meals, sporting events, and other entertainment. Use the spreadsheet to answer the questions below. In acknowledging the dilemma inherent in group activity, James Madison The largest citizens' group, with over thirty million members, is By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. Which of the following is true about sound bites? What is thought to influence the overproduction and pruning of synapses in the brain quizlet? a. the presidency. d. the disincentive factor. a. targeted the executive branch in their efforts to influence policy decisions. e. a constituency. a. the presidency is more representative of society's interests than is the Congress. 40 Money is important in explaining the influence (or lack thereof) of interest groups, but, contrary to what might be believed by the public, it is not simply money that determines political clout. For example, the National Education Association (NEA) in the United States pursues a different strategy when the Republicans are in power in Washington, D.C., and in the states than when the Democrats are in power. Assuming that 1,600 tons of the mineral are actually extracted in the first year, determine the amount of depletion expense that should be recognized for that year. Political lobbyists in the U.S. command wages well above the average, with the median annual salary for a lobbyist being 116.8 thousand U.S. dollars of September 2020. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Outside lobbying is defined as attempts by interest group leaders to mobilize citizens outside the policymaking community to contact or pressure public officials inside the policymaking community. the National Football League for the 201220132012201320122013 C. a small and informal but relatively stable set of bureaucrats, legislators, and lobbyists who are concerned with promoting a particular interest. d. most interests are poorly represented through the group process. In the 1830s, the Frenchman Alexis de Tocqueville wrote that the "principle of ________" was nowhere more evident than in America. Weights(pounds) price 3:23.25 6:46.50 9:69.75 12:93.00 15:116.25 Based on the table, what is the constant of proportionality when using weight to find price? For example, nearly all report that they contact lawmakers, testify before the legislature, help draft legislation, and contact executive agencies. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". stalwarts. In recent decades, lobbyists in Washington, D.C., have increasingly. c. Italy This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. a. e. adopted taxes for nonmembers. c. can have their benefits reduced by concerted political opposition. c. the development of computer-assisted direct-mail techniques. PACs tend to contribute money to a. countering the aims of other groups. Foraging behavior among organized interests, Organized Interests and the European Community, Balancing inside and outside lobbying: the political strategies of lobbyists at global diplomatic conferences, The Hollow Core. Citing once again the over 10,000 bills presented to Congress over a two year period, and understanding that this is simply one example of a government being tasked with a tremendous amount of legislative material, it is very easy to appreciate that no one person in government can be an expert in everything. Typically, the lobbyist advocates for legislation that benefits their client in some way. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Willems, Evelien The largest number of PACs are those associated with, The second-largest number of PACs are those associated with, PACs tend to contribute the most money to, The Supreme Court decision in Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010). and The most well-financed interest groups are those that promote e. 4,000,000. To get a proposal enacted requires that it clear hurdles in both houses of the legislature and be signed by the executive. a. are already favored by the economic system. Schiffers, Maximilian D. disincentive factor. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Through lobbying, their interests are still heard. The situation where individuals are tempted not to contribute to a cause because they will get the benefits even if they do not participate is called d. that members do not seek to influence the political process. a. James Madison During his visit to this country in the 1830s, Alexis de Tocqueville described the United States as "a nation of A. allows corporations and labor unions to spend unlimited funds on campaigns. Lobbying helps to cover any gaps in knowledge. d. the separation of powers in American government. There are essentially three types of lobbying legislative lobbying, regulatory advocacy lobbying, and budget advocacy. "Lobbyist Registration Requirements. ), The Politics of Information: Problem Definition and the Course of Public Policy in America, Lobbying and Policy Change: Who Wins, Who Loses, and Why, The Process of Government: A Study of Social Pressures, Voice and access. The group system politically favors those interests that The most fully organized interests are those that have which of the following as their primary purpose? AP Gov Ch. 9 Flashcards | Quizlet is a written document in which a group explains to a court its position on a legal dispute the court is handling. a. the interest group system is unrepresentative because some interests are far better organized and more powerful than others. Effective inside lobbying is based upon providing useful and persuasive information to key officials. Once an issue has been brought been to the attention of government legislature, it can easily be superseded by any other issue that comes to light without lobbyist pressure. While never expressly using the term lobby, the right to petition the Government for a redress of grievances is specifically noted. In the United Kingdom and other countries of the European Union, Australia, and Canada, lobbyists are becoming increasingly important (they are usually known by other designations such as political consultants or government-affairs or public-affairs representatives), and there also has been more use of the media and increased campaign contributions. e. represent children. c. Today, candidates receive fairly negative coverage. b. travel funds b. the AFL-CIO. An In-house Lobbyist (company) is an employee of a person, partnership or company whose lobbying activity is a significant part of their duties or whose lobbying activity along with that of other employees would amount to a significant part of one staff members duties. a. incumbents. d. most interests benefit from the workings of the group system, which is a reason to support a policy process that is responsive to groups. a. they nearly always have larger memberships. A. As discussed above, lobbying involves working to bring pressure to bear on policy makers to gain favourable policy outcomes. 5 What are the different types of lobbying? The Lobbying Disclosure Act was enacted to ensure that lobbying is publicly registered. c. business. Roughly how many American workers currently belong to unions? Concerning both the legislative and executive branches of the government, this act defines what constitutes a lobbyist and her required government registration, what lobbyist actions consist of, and how lobbyists must comply in order to avoid penalties. Supporters of the pluralist view of interest groups would accept all of the following statements except d. liberal Democrats. 2021. Bribery provides for an instance of favoritism to an individual or a group, but lobbying does not specifically ask for special treatment.
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